Rezumat
CZU 621.745.56:621.74.02
https://doi.org/10.52577/eom.2023.59.5.25
The paper describes the features, scientific and practical prospects for the use in the foundry of the conductive electric current treatment of melt by several types of current simultaneously. It is shown that this principle, in combination with various designs of electrode systems, allows to form a polyvariant topology of an electromagnetic field in melt. At the same time, a thermal force loading of melt is formed qualitatively and quantitatively in different ways, which, ultimately, makes it possible to find conditions for improving the quality indicators of a cast metal. The studies were carried out by simulation methods, the results of which showed possible treatment options that can actively improve the crystallization incubation processes. To compare the results of the treatment of the Al-Si alloy melt with one type of the current and simultaneously with two types of current, a physical experiment was carried out, which confirmed the assumptions and simulation results. At the same time, it was found that the simultaneous treatment with two types of current is thrice less costly than the treatment with one current source, increased the tensile resistance by 13%, and the relative elongation by 1.5 times. In this case, a relative narrowing of the sample was recorded at the level of 4.4%, which cannot be provided for this alloy using other methods of melt processing. The structure of the eutectic is actively modified, and α-Al grains acquire a shape close to a round.
Keywords: metal melt, electric current treatment, exposure options, electrode systems – current sources, multiphysical processes, simulation modeling, field topology, physical experiment.