Rezumat
The most characteristic features of the processes of electrical filtration of ideal and low-conducting dielectric fluids are considered. It is noted that in liquid dielectrics in highly inhomogeneous electric fields the phenomena, similar to those at corona discharge in gases with all its consequences, are observed. The processes of electrical purification (separation) are interpreted in terms of corona discharge. In particular, the electric charging of dispersed particles and their transport to the "electrode-collector" are considered. Threshold phenomena at electric separation such as appearance and disappearance of separation effect are treated from the standpoint of corona discharge as well. Two concepts, namely screening of an external elec- tric field by the field volumetric electric charge and ohmic resistance of the layer of dispersed particles, de- posited on the collector, are discussed. Both approaches lead to the identical results. To clarify the above- mentioned theoretical concepts and to work out recommendations for the modernization and efficient use of electrical separation the further studies on the experimental time-current characteristics of the process of separation are needed.