Abstract
UDC: 621.9.048.4
DOI https://doi.org/10.52577/eom.2026.62.4.55
This study aims at reducing the cost of Ti–6Al–4V alloy powder used in 3D printing technologies. A comprehensive investigation of the particle size distribution, phase composition, and chemical properties of Ti–6Al–4V powders produced by electrochemical discharge processing in NaCl and Al(NO3)3 electrolytes was carried out. A particle size analysis showed that 75.71% of the particles obtained in NaCl and 79.71% of those produced in Al(NO3)3 were within the 10–47 μm range. Those results indicate the stability of the discharge process and the formation of a narrow particle size distribution regardless of electrolyte anion composition. An X-ray diffraction analysis revealed mixed crystalline and partially amorphous phases in powders obtained in NaCl, whereas Al(NO3)3 promoted the formation of more stable crystalline phases. Raman spectroscopy identified Ti–O, Al–O, and V–O bonds, while powders produced in NaCl exhibited a higher oxidation degree. A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of metal–oxygen bonds and a surface oxide layer while no organic contaminants were detected. The results demonstrate that the chemical purity, phase stability, and granulometric characteristics of Ti–6Al–4V micropowders meet the requirements for 3D printing materials.
Keywords: Ti-6Al-4V powder, electrochemical discharge machining, additive manufacturing, electroerosion, particle size distribution, phase analysis, oxidation, electrolyte, anionic group.