Abstract
Complex analytical investigation of electrification processes on the basis of Maxwell's Electrody- namics and investigations of currents passing through the liquid are carried out. The main peculiarities of electrification and qualitative features of current-voltage characteristics which permit to determine the type of electrification are obtained. The main stages of the process of electrification are as follows: low voltage
heteropolarization at I = 0, 0 < U < U 0 , Ohm law region and local electrical neutrality of the liquid at кр
j = σE и U 0 < U < U ′ , saturation region and heterocharge high voltage polarization at I = I =const, кр кр н
U ′ < U < U ′′ , prebreakdown stage of quick nonlinear increase of current at U > U ′′ , homocharge elec- кр кр кр
trification, EHD–phenomena, breakdown.